A cikin keɓance gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu, sarrafa shan sauti da rage hayaniya muhimmin bangare ne. Ɗaki mai kyau da aka yi wa ado da sauti da kuma ɗaki na yau da kullun na iya gabatar da tasirin sauti daban-daban a ciki da waje. Gine-gine gabaɗaya suna amfani da siminti, allon katako ko tubali mai ƙarfi azaman kayan bango. A takaice dai, waɗannan kayan na iya cimma tasirin rufin sauti, amma zurfin tasirin ya dogara ne akan yawan kwayoyin halitta na kayan aiki daban-daban. Ga ɗakin da ke neman tasirin sauti, kayan bango kaɗai bai isa ba don cimma tasirin rage sauti. Ko dai villa ne ko ginin gida, gidajen sinima na musamman suna buƙatar ɗaukar sauti ko rufin sauti. Maganin sauti yana sarrafa hasken raƙuman sauti a cikin ɗaki, yana daidaita lokacin sake kunnawa a cikin ɗakin, don haka yana inganta ingancin sauti na kallon fina-finai. Bari mu yi magana game da waɗannan abubuwan game da ɗaukar sauti da rufin sauti a yau.
Saukar sauti
Mun ambata a taƙaice a sama cewa wasu ƙwaƙƙwaran kayan aiki na iya raunana tasirin igiyar sauti yayin aikin yaduwa. A haƙiƙa, ban da shanyewa da kayan ciki, wasu kayan kuma na iya nuna motsin sauti kuma su watsa shi zuwa wancan gefe. Ɗaukar sauti da rufin sauti hanyoyi ne guda biyu mabanbanta na sarrafa sauti. Shawar sauti yana nufin al'amarin na asarar kuzari bayan raƙuman sauti sun buge saman wani abu, kuma murƙushe sauti yana nufin hanyar rage hayaniya a cikin hanyar yada igiyar sauti. A taƙaice, ɗaukar sauti yana kawar da wani takamaiman adadin kuzarin sauti, kuma ƙirar sauti tana sarrafa watsa igiyoyin sauti zuwa wancan gefen bango.
Lokacin da raƙuman sauti ke tafiya ta cikin iska kuma suka taɓa saman abin da ke ɗauke da sauti, wani ɓangare na sa zai kasance yana nunawa kuma wani sashi zai nutse. Kayan acoustic da ake amfani da su don shayar da sauti gabaɗaya suna da kaddarorin porous, kuma na yau da kullun sune zaruruwa, barbashi, da kumfa. Tashin sautin yana faruwa ne a kan ƙananan ɓangarorin da ba su ƙirƙira a cikin kayan, inda yake haifar da rikici tare da ƙwayoyin iska da bango maras tushe, ta haka ne ke canza ƙarfin sauti zuwa ƙarfin zafi don cimma tasirin ɗaukar sauti. Baya ga kayan shayar da sauti mai ƙarfi, akwai sifofi masu ɗaukar sauti da kuma sifofi na musamman masu ɗaukar sauti. Karɓar sautin ƙarawa ya haɗa da resonator guda ɗaya, injin farantin farantin rawanin ƙarar sautin ƙararrawa, tsarin dalla-dalla dalla-dalla na fim da tsarin ɗaukar sauti na bakin ciki. Ka'idarsa kuma ita ce yin amfani da tsarin kayan abu da iska don samar da wani tsari mai jujjuyawa don cimma shayarwar sauti.
Ƙungiyar Gwaji da Kayan Aiki ta Amurka (ASTM) ta bayyana ma'aunin shan sauti, wanda kuma aka sani da ƙimar NRC. Hanyar lissafin lambobi ta NRC tana ɗaukar matsakaicin ƙimar lissafin ma'aunin shan sauti na kayan a mita huɗu na 250, 500, 1000 da 2000 Hz. Tunda ma'aunin shan sauti na kayan da ke shan sauti yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar mita, yana da wuya ga kayan da ke shan sauti gabaɗaya su sha wasu raƙuman sauti masu ƙarancin mita. Gabaɗaya, samfuran da ke da ma'aunin shan sauti ƙasa da 0.2 ana kiransu kayan da ke nuna haske, kuma kayan da suka fi 0.4 za a iya ɗaukar su a matsayin kayan da ke shan sauti. Masu amfani suna buƙatar yin taka tsantsan wajen siyan kayan sauti tare da ma'aunin shan sauti da ya wuce 1.0. Kodayake ya fi "layin da ya cancanta" na 0.4 girma, irin waɗannan ƙimar bayanai ba daidai ba ne. Ƙungiyar Kayan Gwaji ta Amurka, wacce ke tsara ƙimar NRC (ma'aunin shan sauti), tana amfani da lambar "0" don wakiltar ma'aunin shan sauti na kayan da ba zai iya shan kowane kuzarin sauti da ya faru ba. A wata ma'anar, wannan kayan zai iya nuna duk ƙarfin sauti da yake haɗuwa da shi. Akasin haka, idan abu ya sha dukkan ƙarfin sauti, ana nuna shi da lambar "1". A zahiri, kowane abu yana da halaye na tunani da kuma ɗaukar kuzarin sauti. "0" da "1" kawai ƙimar ƙa'idar iyaka ce ta tunani. Matsakaicin yawan shan sauti na kayan da ke ɗaukar sauti ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin ƙimar 0 da 1. Kayan da ke da ma'aunin shan sauti fiye da 1.0 yana nufin yana shan ƙarin kuzarin sauti fiye da yadda yake nunawa, wanda ba zai yiwu ba a zahiri. Idan masu amfani suka ci karo da irin waɗannan bayanin, za su iya tambayar kai tsaye sahihancin bayanan.
Sauti mai sauti
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, rufewar sauti da ɗaukar sauti iri biyu ne na sarrafa sauti daban-daban. A wata ma'ana, shayar da sauti tana la'akari da ƙarin ƙimar sha na kayan kanta, yayin da sautin sauti yayi la'akari da asarar watsawa na bangon bangare da halayen ɗaukar ɗakin yayin watsa sauti. Sabili da haka, ba zai iya zama kamar ƙimar ɗaukar sauti (NRC) wanda aka ƙididdige shi ta hanyar ɗaukar matsakaicin ƙimar, amma yana buƙatar bayanai (asarar watsa sauti da halayen mitar jadawali) da Ƙungiyar Gwaji da Kayan Aiki ta Amurka don ƙayyade ma'auni don kwatanta ƙimar sakamakon sakamakon sautin watsa sauti na bangon bangare (STC). Ko da yake lissafin ya bambanta, asarar watsa sauti ta bambanta bisa ga mita, kuma bangon bangare da ake amfani da shi don sarrafa yaduwar sauti gabaɗaya zai ƙaru yayin da mitar ke ƙaruwa.
Kamar dai yadda wani abu ke iya ɗaukar sauti ko da yaushe a nuna shi, ko da yaushe yana iya wucewa ta bangon bangare kuma ya watsa sauti zuwa wancan gefen ɗakin. Ba kamar ɗaukar sauti ba, idan maƙasudin ƙayyadaddun ƙimar 0 yana nufin ya zama yanayin da ba a tantance sauti ba, to kishiyar iyakar ƙimarsa 1 (inda duk sautin ke hasashe ta bangon bangare) yana yiwuwa. Wannan yana yiwuwa, misali, idan muka bar ƙofofi da tagogi a buɗe a cikin ɗaki. A cikin dakin da ba shi da kariya (watau bangon bangon Layer Layer), duk wani gibi a cikin buɗewa zai iya haifar da raguwar asarar watsa sauti, wanda ina tsammanin duk kun san daga gidanku ko ofis. Mutane da yawa na iya tunanin cewa ƙara kaurin bangon bangare na iya ƙara yawan asarar watsa sauti har ma da zurfi, amma bisa ga ka'idar ingancin ingancin sauti, ko da kun ninka kauri daga bangon, adadin sautin sauti zai iya karuwa kawai da 6dB.
Don haka, don rikodi na studios, gidajen wasan kwaikwayo masu zaman kansu, da sauran mahalli tare da manyan buƙatu don watsa sauti, ƙirar bangon ɓangarori biyu shine mafi yawan hanyar. Gine-ginen bangon bangare biyu kuma abu ne mai laushi, alal misali, tsakanin bangon biyu za a cika su da kayan yadudduka daban-daban (kamar kayan shayar da sauti) don cimma ingantaccen ingantaccen sauti. Dole ne a sanya kayan abu a cikin iska mai iska, don haka raƙuman sauti zai iya zama yaduwa na biyu. Cike da makanta yadudduka tsakanin bangon biyu ba lallai bane ya cimma tasirin sautin da ake so.
Don ƙarin bayani game da SINOYQX Melamine Foam, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu a [email protected] ko a yi mana magana: +86-28-8411-1861.
Ana sake buga wasu hotuna da rubutu daga Intanet, kuma haƙƙin mallaka na ainihin marubucin ne. Idan akwai wani cin zarafi, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu don sharewa.