Ana ɗaukar ƙazantawar da ke amfani da hasken rana ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa na zamani (SIE) a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fasahohi mafi kyau don rage ƙarancin ruwan sha saboda iyawarsa ta amfani da makamashin rana yadda ya kamata don samar da ruwan sha mai kyau. Bugu da ƙari, ƙazantawar da ke amfani da hasken rana tana da fa'idodi na musamman wajen magance ruwan sharar gishiri mai yawa . Tsarin ƙazanta yana samar da lu'ulu'u na gishiri ne kawai a matsayin wani abu da ya biyo baya, don haka ba za a sami fitar ruwa ba. Duk da haka, tarin gishiri a cikin ƙazanta zai hana shaƙar haske kuma ya shafi fitar tururi, wanda a ƙarshe zai haifar da raguwar aikin ƙazanta na ƙazanta ko ma gazawarsa.
Don rage wannan matsala, wasu masu bincike sun ba da shawarar dabarun "zazzage gishiri". Wato, an ƙera hanyar zagayawa don maganin don ƙyale ions gishiri su sake komawa cikin brine, ta yadda za su hana gishiri yin crystallize a kan farfajiyar evaporation, ta yadda za a samu ci gaba da kwanciyar hankali. Duk da haka, wannan hanya za ta sa salinity na maganin ya karu, kuma har yanzu matsalar crystallization gishiri ba za a iya kauce masa ba.
Wani bayani shine dabarar "gishiri fita". Wato ana tsara tsarin ta yadda gishirin ya fi son yin crystallized a cikin yankin da ba a fitar da shi ba, ta yadda za a rage tasirin crystallization na gishiri akan aikin evaporation, ta yadda za a samu tarin gishiri da ruwa a lokaci guda. Duk da haka, dabarun "gishiri" har yanzu yana fuskantar wasu ƙalubale masu tsanani a aikace.
Na farko, jigilar brine mai girma-ɗaya yana iyakance ƙarfin sha, yana rage yawan ƙawancewar gabaɗaya. Abu na biyu, dabarun crystallization gishiri yana buƙatar cire lu'ulu'u na gishiri akai-akai, waɗanda ke da wahalar faɗuwa ta atomatik daga farfajiyar evaporator saboda ƙarfin mannewa. Idan ba a cire gishirin da aka ajiye cikin lokaci ba, babu makawa aikin fitar da ruwa zai ragu. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin masu fitar da hasken rana masu inganci suna buƙatar matakai na shirye-shirye masu haɗari ko masu cin lokaci, kamar su matsa lamba, ƙananan vacuum, ko yanayin zafi mai zafi.
Don haka, haɓaka injin fitar da hasken rana mai ɗorewa don cimma dogon lokaci, inganci, da tsayayyen ƙawancen ruwa da tattara gishiri ta hanyar sauƙi na shirye-shiryen kawar da fitar da ruwa ba tare da cimma burin kimiyya ba.
Dangane da ƙalubalen da ke sama, ƙungiyar bincike ta Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Shandong ta shirya wani nau'i mai nau'in gradient gradient graphene karkace airgel evaporator, wanda zai iya cimma ingantacciyar ƙawancen hasken rana na ruwan gishiri mai girma da kuma cimma ruwa mai ƙarfi.
Domin saduwa da stringent buƙatun na hasken rana evaporators cikin sharuddan ingantaccen hasken rana sha, cikakken amfani da makamashi, m gishiri juriya da dogon lokacin da kwanciyar hankali, da aikin zane yafi mayar da hankali a kan wadannan hudu key abubuwa:
Mayar da hankali kan ƙirar tsari da haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai
Mai tururin yana buƙatar samun tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mai ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, wanda yake da mahimmanci don cimma nasarar tsaftace ruwan rana na dogon lokaci, inganci da kwanciyar hankali. Saboda haka, sun zaɓi kumfa mai ƙarancin kuɗi, mai yawan ruwa, mai yawan porosity da kuma mai juriya mai ƙarfi a matsayin kwarangwal mai tallafawa mai tururin rana.
Daga nan sai suka yi nazarin kaddarorin injina na graphene aerogels tare da kumfa melamine a matsayin kwarangwal a cikin hanyoyi da yawa, gami da matsawa, lankwasa, da tashin hankali, don kimanta kaddarorin injin su gabaɗaya.
Don ƙara tabbatar da ƙarfinsa da dorewa a ƙarƙashin ainihin yanayin aikace-aikacen, ƙungiyar bincike ta gudanar da gwaje-gwaje a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.
Musamman ma, sun lanƙwasa samfurin sau 20 a cikin iska da ruwa, suka jiƙa shi a cikin ruwan acidic da alkaline , sannan suka sanya shi a cikin yanayi mai tsauri kamar zafin jiki mai yawa da kuma tururin ultrasonic.
Bayan waɗannan gwaje-gwaje masu tsauri, ba su sami wani gagarumin canje-canje a cikin bayyanar samfurin da ƙananan tsarin ba, wanda ya nuna cikakken ƙarfinsa da kwanciyar hankali.
Mayar da hankali kan sauƙaƙewa da haɓakar tattalin arziƙin hanyoyin masana'antu
Don cimma sauƙi da tattalin arziki a cikin tsarin masana'anta na evaporator da kuma guje wa amfani da kayan aiki masu tsada, sun tsara matakan shirye-shirye masu zuwa:
Mataki na farko shine matsi mai zafi
Yin amfani da fasaha mai zafi mai zafi, ƙungiyar bincike sun matsa kumfa melamine na kauri daban-daban don samun fim ɗin melamine da aka riga aka danna tare da kauri na 1mm.
A yayin wannan tsari, yayin da rabon kauri na asali na samfurin zuwa kauri na ƙarshe da aka matse ya ƙaru, girman ramin fim ɗin melamine da aka riga aka matse yana da kyau daga 150 μm zuwa 20 μm , yana samar da tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mai girma uku na musamman.
Mataki na biyu shine fesa saman
Yi amfani da kwalbar feshi don fesa maganin graphene oxide a saman fim ɗin melamine da aka riga aka matse . An cimma daidaiton rarrabawar graphene oxide a cikin fim ɗin, wanda ya kafa harsashin rage hasken rana daga baya.
Mataki na uku shine bushewar matsa lamba na yanayi
Bayan fesa, sun sanya fim ɗin kai tsaye a cikin iska don bushewar iska ta yanayi. Wannan matakin yana guje wa hadaddun tsarin shirye-shirye masu cin lokaci da kuzari kamar bushewar bushewa, bushewa mai mahimmanci da maye gurbin ƙarfi.
Mataki na hudu shine rage hasken rana
Wato, yin amfani da gilashin haɓakawa don mayar da hankali ga hasken rana akan samfurin. A karkashin aikin hasken ultraviolet, launi na samfurin samfurin yana canzawa da sauri daga launin ruwan kasa zuwa baki, yana nuna cewa an rage nasarar rage graphene oxide zuwa rage graphene oxide.
Wannan hanyar rage hasken rana ba kawai mai sauƙi ba ne don aiki da kuma abokantaka na muhalli, amma kuma baya buƙatar amfani da magungunan rage sinadarai ko matakan rage zafin zafi, rage yawan farashin samarwa da gurɓataccen muhalli.
Mayar da hankali kan ingantaccen shawar makamashin hasken rana da rage yawan asarar makamashi
Masu fitar da hasken rana dole ne ba kawai su sha da kuma canza nau'ikan makamashin hasken rana zuwa makamashin zafi ba, har ma su rage asarar makamashin da ke haifarwa ta hanyar yaduwa da hasken zafi, da kuma kama karin makamashi daga muhalli. Ana sarrafa tsarin fitar da iska a ma'aunin hasken rana ta hanyar juzu'in makamashi guda uku: shigar da makamashin hasken rana, fitar da makamashi mai fitar da iska, da makamashin da ya watse zuwa yanayi.
Abin baƙin ciki, al'ada biyu-girma na hasken rana evaporators fuskanci al'amurran da suka shafi watsar da makamashi saboda zafi musayar tare da kewaye muhallin, sa shi da wuya a cimma manufa 100% hasken rana-zuwa tururi canji yadda ya dace. Sabanin haka, masu fitar da hasken rana mai nau'i uku na iya karya ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ka'idar aikin jujjuyawar hasken rana zuwa tururi.
Don rage asarar makamashin da ke haifarwa ta hanyar yaɗuwar tunani da hasken zafi a saman saman saman samfurin mai girma uku, ƙungiyar ta ƙirƙira wani nau'in karkace mai girma uku-uku concave graphene aerogel.
Wannan tsarin ba kawai yana da mafi girma absorbance da ƙananan reflectivity, amma ta gefen ganuwar kuma suna iya sha na yanayi zafi da zafi diffusely nuna daga kasa, game da shi kunna tasiri makamashi dawo da.
Mayar da hankali kan inganta haƙurin gishiri da sarrafa crystallization gishiri
Wato; ta hanyar zayyana tashar sufuri ta musamman, ana haɓaka jigilar radial na brine, wanda ke haifar da crystallization na gishiri. Wannan zane ba wai kawai yana hana gishiri daga ajiya da toshewa a kan farfajiyar evaporator ba, amma har ma yana gane ingantaccen tattarawa da amfani da gishiri, don haka yana inganta ingantaccen aiki da dorewa na tsarin desalination.
Musamman ma, sun tsara kuma sun shirya tsarin hanyar sadarwa ta graphene mai girma uku bisa ga fim ɗin melamine mai ramuka da aka riga aka matse . Wannan hanyar sadarwa ta graphene mai girma, wacce ba ta da yawa a ciki da waje, na iya samar da bambancin ƙarfin radial capillary, wanda ke haɓaka jigilar radial na brine. Yayin da tururi ke ci gaba da samarwa, kwararar radial na brine yana ƙara yawan sinadarin brine a yankin saman waje, yana sa gishirin ya yi lu'ulu'u a kan saman waje maimakon saman ciki. Wannan ƙirar tana tabbatar da cewa saman ciki na mai tururi yana kula da isasshen yanki na ƙafewa, ta haka ne ake samun ingantaccen ƙafewar rana mai ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali.
Yana da kyau a ambata cewa mai fitar da ruwa yana amfani da gabaɗayan samansa na waje don yin crystallization gishiri, yana mai da yankin crystallization ya fi girma fiye da sauran masu fitar da ƙura.
Lu'ulu'u na gishiri sun ƙunshi lu'ulu'u na gishiri da aka cika da su tare da ɗimbin pores, waɗanda ke da amfani ga jigilar brine da sakin tururi.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, saboda tasirin sanyaya mai ƙafewa, yanayin zafin saman saman gishiri ya yi ƙasa da zafin yanayi. Wannan yanayin yana ba mai watsa ruwa damar ɗaukar ƙarin kuzari daga muhalli, yana ƙara haɓaka aikin fitar da iska.
Tushen labarin: Deep Tech
Ƙungiyar bincike: Ƙungiyar Bincike ta Jami'ar Farko ta Shandong
An ambato labarin daga: https://www.163.com/dy/article/J1RENDEH05119734.html
Don ƙarin bayani game da SINOYQX Melamine Foam, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu a [email protected] ko a yi mana magana: +86-28-8411-1861.
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