A halin yanzu, bangon wuta na tasfoma da reactors a cikin tashoshin UHV na gida galibi suna ɗaukar simintin simintin gyare-gyare na simintin gyare-gyare ko tsarin bulo da foda, waɗanda ke da wasu tasirin sautin sauti. Duk da haka, saboda ƙarancin hayaniyar taransifoma da reactors da tsayin raƙuman sautin sauti, rarrabuwar surutu da ƙarfin watsawa suna da ƙarfi sosai, don haka hana sautin sauti da raguwar amo galibi ba su da kyau. Bugu da ƙari, shingen sauti na yanzu da murfin keɓewar sauti na tashoshin UHV ba a tsara su na musamman don halayen ƙaramar ƙararrakin ƙaramar tashar ba, kuma tasirin rage amo bai dace ba. Idan za mu iya yin la'akari da halaye na tashoshin UHV waɗanda ke mamaye tsakiyar-da ƙananan amo, kuma mu ɗauki tsarin haɗakar sauti mai haɗakarwa wanda ke da duka shiru da ayyukan shayar da sauti, ana fatan zai iya rage yawan mita da ƙaramar ƙarar amo da kyau kuma yana da ƙarancin wuta da kaddarorin rufewa. Wannan yana da ma'ana mai girma don haɓaka ingancin yanayin ƙararrawa na tashoshin tashoshin.
Dangane da wannan, wannan labarin yana nazarin halayen ƙarfin tushen hayaniya na manyan kayan aikin tashar UHV. Ganin buƙatun kayan da ke cikin tashar don samun mai hana harshen wuta, rufi da sauran kaddarorin, mun zaɓi yin gwaje-gwajen shaye-shaye guda ɗaya da na haɗin gwiwa akan samfuran kumfa na melamine , samfuran faranti masu ramuka kaɗan, da samfuran siminti mai kumfa, kuma mun gabatar da tsarin ɗaukar sauti mai haɗaka wanda ya dace da rage hayaniya a tashoshin UHV. Wannan yana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen injiniyan aiki.
Ⅰ. Binciken ma'aunin amo na manyan kayan aikin tashar UHV
A lokacin aiki na UHV substations, babban amo kafofin hada da high-voltage transformers, shunt reactors, substation Tsarin, da dai sauransu The transformer amo ya hada da jiki amo da sanyaya na'urar amo, da shunt reactor amo ne electromagnetic amo, da substation tsarin amo ne corona amo. Hayaniyar Corona gabaɗaya matsakaici ce zuwa mitar mitoci, tana raguwa da sauri yayin yaduwa, kuma tana da ƙaramin tasiri. Ƙarƙashin ƙaramar ƙararrakin da aka haifar ta hanyar tsarin ciki na masu canji da kuma shunt reactors yana raguwa a hankali kuma yana da tasiri mai yawa. Don haka, sarrafa amo na taransfoma da shunt reactor shine abin da ake mayar da hankali kan sarrafa surutu a cikin tashoshin.
- Babban binciken ma'aunin amo
Ana auna matakin ƙarfin sauti na taswira ta amfani da hanyar ƙarfin sauti. Ɗaukar na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto guda ɗaya a matsayin abin aunawa, nisa tsakanin layin kwane-kwane da aka kayyade da farfajiyar iskar gas ɗin ya kai 2m, kuma an saita layin kwane-kwane guda biyu, waɗanda ke kan jirgin saman kwance na 2m da 4m bi da bi. Duk wuraren aunawa suna kan layin kwane-kwane da aka kayyade, kuma nisa a kwance tsakanin ma'aunin ma'auni na kusa shine 1m. Ana amfani da binciken ƙarfin sauti don auna aya ta aya.
Lokacin da nauyin wutar lantarki guda ɗaya ya kasance 2000MW, sakamakon ma'aunin ƙarfin sauti na lokaci C na na'ura mai canzawa a Rukunin I. Matsayin ƙarfin sauti mai nauyi A shine mafi girma a cikin mitar mitar octave 1/3 tare da mitoci na 100, 125, 160 da 200 Hz na mai canzawa UHV. Dangane da tsarin samar da hayaniyar na'ura mai canzawa, amo a cikin wannan rukunin mitar ya fi fitowa ne daga hayaniyar lantarki ta jikin na'urar. Don haka, lokacin da ake rage hayaniyar mai canzawa, ya kamata a ba da fifiko don rage rukunin mitar 100 ~ 200Hz. A lokacin aunawa, nauyin wutar lantarki guda ɗaya na tasfoma ya tsaya tsayin daka a 2000MW, kuma madaidaicin matakin ƙarfin sauti na A-nauyin na tafsiran ya kasance 102.7dB(A).
- Aunawa da kuma nazarin hayaniyar reactor mai ƙarfi
Hanyar auna matakin ƙarfin sautin reactor iri ɗaya ne da na taransfoma. Ɗaukar matakin B na injin mai daidaitawa a cikin tashar UHV azaman abin aunawa, nisa tsakanin layin kwane-kwane da aka kayyade da farfajiyar iskar gas shine 1m, kuma an saita layin kwane-kwane guda biyu masu tsayi na 1.5m da 3m bi da bi. Tazarar kwance tsakanin ma'aunin ma'auni na kusa shine 1m.
Binciken ya nuna cewa a cikin duka 1/3 octave band, ƙananan ƙananan abubuwan da aka gyara suna da adadi mafi girma, daga cikin abin da ƙarfin sauti a mita 100Hz shine mafi girma, ya kai 96.4dB (A), wanda shine 11.5dB (A) mafi girma fiye da matakin ƙarfin sauti na 200Hz. Ƙarfin sauti a cikin 1/3 octave band inda 100Hz ke wurin yana da lissafin kashi 91.2% na babban ƙarfin sauti na lokaci-lokaci. Don haka, ana iya ƙididdige cewa abin da ke faruwa na tsangwama a cikin rarrabawar filin sauti na reactor yana haifar da igiyar sautin 100Hz.
Ⅱ. Kayayyakin da ba a taɓa gani ba da gwaje-gwajen faranti mai ƙura
A cikin ƙirar injiniyan sarrafa hayaniya, sau da yawa yana da wahala a cimma tasirin rage hayaniya da ake tsammani ta hanyar amfani da abu ɗaya don shan sauti da maganin rufewa. Saboda haka, ana amfani da tsarin haɗakar kayan da ke ɗaukar sauti don rage hayaniya. Musamman a cikin sararin samaniya na cikin gida tare da manyan girma da lokutan juyawa masu tsayi, aikace-aikacen ya zama ruwan dare. Don nazarin tsarin ɗaukar sauti wanda ya dace da sarrafa hayaniya a cikin tashoshin UHV, dole ne mu fara la'akari da kaddarorin rufi da hana harshen wuta na kayan, kuma na biyu, dole ne mu haɗa takamaiman matakai don tantance tsarin ɗaukar sauti.
A halin yanzu, ana amfani da faranti mai raɗaɗi da kayan shayar da sauti a cikin wuraren rufewar sauti na tashoshin UHV don rage hayaniya, amma tasirin ba shi da kyau a ƙaramin rukunin mitar. Wannan yana buƙatar haɗa halayen tushen sauti na babban kayan aikin tashar UHV. Bayan kayyade takamaiman matakan rage amo, yadda za a zaɓi kayan shayar da sauti mai ƙarfi da yadda ake tantance tsarin ɗaukar sauti ya zama mabuɗin sarrafa amo a cikin tashar. A cikin masu biyowa, an zaɓi samfurori guda uku na farantin ƙananan ƙananan, kumfa melamine, da siminti mai kumfa don haɗawa da juna don gudanar da gwaje-gwaje.
- Haɗin faranti mai ƙaramin Layer-Layer biyu
Samfurin gwajin gwaji na micro-perforated, wanda ƙimar ƙirar micro-perforated farantin 1 shine 1.5%, kauri farantin shine 1mm, kuma diamita na pore shine 0.7mm; da perforation kudi na micro-perforated farantin samfurin 2 ne 1.1%, farantin kauri ne 1mm, da pore diamita ne 0.7mm, Micro-perforated farantin samfurin 3, perforation kudi ne 0.7%, da farantin kauri ne 1mm, da rami diamita ne 0.7mm.
An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje guda biyu akan haɗin faranti mai ƙaramin Layer-Layer. Gwaji 1 ya hade da samfurin farantin micro-perte samfurin 2 da kuma gwaji na 2 da kuma matsakaiciyar ƙayyadaddun kayan ado na biyu. 500Hz zuwa 600Hz a cikin dukkan gwaje-gwajen. A cikin mitar mitar sama da 600Hz, ƙimar ɗaukar sauti tana raguwa a hankali.
- Haɗuwa da siminti mai kumfa da ƙananan katako
Na farko, an yi amfani da tsari mai ɗaukar sauti wanda ya haɗa da siminti mai kumfa da farantin ƙaramin Layer Layer guda ɗaya. An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje guda biyu tare da sigogi daban-daban ta hanyar haɗa siminti mai kumfa da farantin ƙaramin Layer Layer guda ɗaya. A cikin gwaje-gwajen guda biyu, an sanya ciminti mai kumfa a gaban farantin ƙananan ƙananan.
Kusan babu wani babban canji tsakanin bayanan Gwaji na 3 da Gwaji na 4. Ayyukan shayarwar sauti na tsarin haɗin gwiwa ba ya canzawa tare da ɗan canje-canje a cikin kauri na simintin kumfa da nisa tsakanin siminti mai kumfa da farantin mai raɗaɗi. A 100Hz, ƙimar ɗaukar sauti tana kusa da 0.4, a 250Hz, ƙimar ɗaukar sauti ta kai iyakarta, kuma a kusa da 900Hz, ya sake kaiwa madaidaicin ƙimar ƙarar sautin sauti.
- Melamine kumfa da micro-perforated panel hade
An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje guda biyu akan haɗin kumfa na melamine da faranti guda ɗaya. A cikin nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen guda biyu, an sanya kumfa melamine a gaban faranti masu kauri. Ƙididdigar ɗaukar sauti a 100Hz a cikin ƙungiyoyin gwaje-gwajen duka suna kusa da 0.7, kuma tsakanin 100Hz da 500Hz, ƙididdigar ɗaukar sauti duk suna sama da 0.7. Kusan 500Hz, ƙimar ɗaukar sauti tana raguwa, amma yayin da mitar ke ƙaruwa, ƙimar ɗaukar sauti tana ƙaruwa a hankali. Wannan haɗin yana da ingantacciyar tasiri mai ɗaukar sauti a cikin ƙananan ƙananan mitoci da maɗaukaki masu girma.
Ⅲ. Binciken sakamakon gwaji
Dangane da halaye na tushen amo na babban kayan aikin tashar UHV wanda ya shahara a cikin ƙananan rukunin mitar, an gudanar da gwaje-gwaje ta hanyar zabar wani tsari mai haɗaɗɗun faranti mai ƙyalli, siminti mai kumfa tare da ƙaramin fakitin farantin ƙarfe, da kumfa melamine tare da ƙaramin fakitin farantin ƙarfe. Sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa dukkanin tsare-tsaren haɗin kai guda uku na iya cimma wani tasiri na shayar da sauti a cikin ƙananan mitar mitar, amma yadda ake amfani da shi a cikin aikin injiniya na ainihi yana buƙatar takamaiman matakan rage amo.
- Micro-perforated farantin hade tsarin
Allon huɗaɗɗen ƙarami-Layer biyu na iya faɗaɗa mitar mitar sauti na allunan ƙarami-lakabi ɗaya. Dangane da ka'idar matching impedance, ƙa'idar ƙirar haɗin gwiwa ita ce ƙimar perforation na gaban Layer na ƙananan allunan da aka ɗora sun fi girma fiye da ƙimar fasinja na allo na baya. Haɗaɗɗen ƙira na ƙananan fale-falen fale-falen buraka na iya cimma madaidaicin ɗaukar sauti fiye da 0.7 a cikin kewayon mitar 150-800Hz lokacin da kauri duka tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kai 20cm. Lokacin da kauri na duka tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kai 30cm, zai iya cimma ƙimar ɗaukar sauti fiye da 0.7 a cikin kewayon mitar 100-800Hz.
- Siminti mai kumfa tare da ƙaramin ruɓaɓɓen faranti mai haɗe-haɗe
Haɗa siminti mai kumfa a gaban allo mai ratsa jiki na iya faɗaɗa mitar ƙarar sautin ƙaramar allo, kuma simintin da aka yi da kumfa zai iya taka rawar hana wuta.
Siminti mai kumfa tare da allo mai ratsa jiki guda ɗaya na iya cimma ƙimar ɗaukar sauti fiye da 0.7 a cikin kewayon mitar 150-1000Hz lokacin da kauri duka tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kai 20cm. Siminti mai kumfa tare da ƙananan fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen-Layer biyu na iya cimma ƙimar ɗaukar sauti fiye da 0.7 a cikin kewayon mitar 150-1400Hz lokacin da kauri na gabaɗayan tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kai 20cm. Lokacin da kaurin duka tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kai 30cm, zai iya cimma madaidaicin ƙarar sauti fiye da 0.7 a cikin kewayon mitar 100-1400Hz. A lokaci guda kuma, ƙarami mai yawa na siminti mai kumfa, mafi girman porosity, kuma mafi kyawun tasirin tasirin sauti mai ƙarancin mitoci.
- Don tsarin haɗin gwiwa na abu mai ɗaukar sauti da ƙananan farantin karfe, kayan da ke ɗaukar sauti na iya faɗaɗa maɗaukakiyar mitar sauti na ƙananan farantin karfe da kuma ƙara nisa tsakanin farantin sauti da ƙarami. Ƙimar ɗaukar sauti na matsakaici da maɗaukaki yana ƙaruwa, kuma ƙarar ƙarar sauti tana motsawa zuwa ƙananan mitoci. Ta hanyar haɓaka kauri na kayan ɗaukar sauti, ƙarancin ƙarar ƙarar sautin ƙarar ƙarar sauti yana raguwa kaɗan, kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici da matsakaici yana ƙaruwa. Ƙara kauri daga cikin ramin rami a bayan farantin mai ratsa jiki na iya ƙara ƙaramar ƙaramar ƙarar sauti. Kayayyakin shayar da sauti tare da ɓangarorin ɓangarorin biyu-Layer suna da mafi kyawun ƙarar sauti da faffadan mitar mitar sauti fiye da kayan ɗaukar sauti tare da fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen-ɗaki guda ɗaya.
Ana iya gani daga nazarin bayanan gwaji cewa kumfa melamine tare da farantin micro-perforated mai Layer Layer guda ɗaya na iya cimma daidaitaccen ɗaukar sauti fiye da 0.6 a cikin kewayon mitar 200-1600Hz lokacin da kauri na duka tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kasance 20cm. Lokacin da kauri na duka tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kai 30cm, ana iya samun ƙimar ɗaukar sauti fiye da 0.6 a cikin kewayon mitar 100-1600Hz. Melamine kumfa tare da ƙananan fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen-layi biyu na iya cimma ƙimar ɗaukar sauti fiye da 0.7 a cikin kewayon mitar 200-1600Hz lokacin da kauri duka tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kai 20cm. Lokacin da kauri na duka tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kai 30cm, ana iya samun ƙimar ɗaukar sauti fiye da 0.7 a cikin kewayon mitar 100-1600Hz.
Dangane da nazarin halayen mitar amo na babban gidan wutar lantarki na UHV da babban mai sarrafa wutar lantarki, ƙarfin amo na babban gidan wutar lantarki na UHV ya fi mayar da hankali ne a 100-200Hz, kuma ƙarfin amo na babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya fi maida hankali akan 100Hz. Don zaɓar abu mai rage amo, wajibi ne a haɗa mitoci na manyan hanyoyin amo guda biyu. A lokaci guda kuma, hanyoyin rage amo suma suna buƙatar haɗa su tare da shimfidar wuri na tashar tashar don sarrafa hayaniya tare da mafi kyawun haɗin kayan aiki da hanyoyin.
Don ƙarin bayani game da SINOYQX Melamine Foam, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu a [email protected] ko a yi mana magana: +86-28-8411-1861.
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